Friday, August 26, 2011

Parking Measures and Policies Research Review

Transport Research Laboratory
May 2010


This project investigated the evidence about the impact of different types of parking measures and policies on road traffic, congestion and transport safety, car ownership, on the level of carbon emissions from transport, on the activity of businesses, and on townscapes. The focus was mainly though not wholly, on urban areas. It has involved a Systematic Review of evidence from original and relevant studies.

*Good bibliography

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Wednesday, August 24, 2011

A guide to reducing the impact of urban transport on the climate

Umwelt Bundes Amt
2010


Many towns and cities have made efforts to design urban transport strategies that are more environmentally friendly. UBA‘s new Guide to reducing the impact of urban transport on the climate outlines which action plans make for successful climate protection schemes. The guide emphasises measures with high climate protection potential that can be decided on by municipal administrations.

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Monday, August 22, 2011

Evaluando la gestión en Lima al 2010: Primer informe de resultados sobre calidad de vida

Observatorio Ciudadano Lima cómo vamos
Agosto 2011


Se presenta el documento “Evaluando la Gestión en Lima al 2010. Primer Informe sobre Calidad de Vida”, elaborado por el observatorio ciudadano Lima Cómo Vamos, que recopila datos relevantes sobre la gestión metropolitana, distrital y de otras entidades públicas que tienen injerencia en la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos.

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La brecha de infraestructura en América Latina y el Caribe

Daniel E. Perrotti
Ricardo J. Sánchez
CEPAL
Serie Recursos Naturales e Infraestructura
Julio de 2011
85 pp.

La infraestructura económica constituye un herramental de alto impacto en la reducción de la pobreza y el logro del desarrollo económico sostenido. En América Latina y el Caribe, los últimos años han mostrado una disminución en las inversiones destinadas con este fin, lo que ocasionó un distanciamiento entre los requerimientos de infraestructura y la provisión efectiva de la misma.

En el presente documento se utilizaron metodologías alternativas para cuantificar esta brecha. Como resultado, se determinó que sería necesario invertir anualmente en torno al 5,2% del PBI regional (unos 170.000 millones de dólares de 2000) para dar respuesta a las necesidades que surgirán de las empresas y los consumidores finales de la región entre los años 2006 y 2020, mientra que si lo que se quiere es alcanzar los niveles de infraestructura per cápita de un conjunto de países del sudeste asiático las cifras anuales requeridas para igual período ascenderían al 7,9% del PBI (unos 260.000 millones de dólares de 2000). Teniendo en cuenta que la inversión en infraestructura observada en el último período conocido (2007-2008) ascendió al 2% del PBI, el esfuerzo por realizar se torna significativo. Sin embargo, una adecuada respuesta a estos requerimientos será un determinante clave del modo de inserción de la región en la economía mundial en el siglo XXI y en la calidad de vida de sus habitantes.

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Sistemas aeroportuarios, servicio público e iniciativa privada

Bernardo Sánchez Pavón
CEPAL
Serie Recursos Naturales e Infraestructura
Nº 154
Julio de 2011


El transporte aéreo ha adquirido una notoria importancia dentro los sistemas de transporte. Además de su tradicional contribución al desarrollo del turismo, se observa un incremento exponencial de la demanda de movilidad para personas y mercancías como consecuencia del crecimiento económico y de la globalización.

En los últimos decenios del pasado siglo, se ha cuestionado la idoneidad de la organización estatal para la provisión de ciertas necesidades sociales, abogando por una mayor implicación de la iniciativa privada en este ámbito y la consiguiente reducción del "espacio dominado" por el sector público. Como resulta fácil colegir, estos razonamientos han sido extrapolados al sector del transporte, postulándose como elementos catalizadores de su eficiencia.

A lo largo del presente trabajo, se efectúa un análisis de los movimientos privatizadores y liberalizadores en la esfera del transporte aéreo; de la desregulación y alguna de sus experiencias prácticas más significativas y del surgimiento del nuevo concepto de "servicios de interés general". Asimismo, se estudia el concepto de sistema aeroportuario y los modelos de gestión de los aeropuertos, haciendo especial hincapié en algunos de los implementados en Europa y América. Finalmente, y a modo de conclusión, se exponen varias reflexiones tendentes al establecimiento de unas líneas programáticas que permitan configurar sistemas aeroportuarios sostenibles y compatibles con la participación de diversos actores sociales.

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Tuesday, August 16, 2011

Dangerous by design: Solving the epidemic of preventable pedestrian deaths (and making great neighborhoods)

Surface Transportation Policy Partnership
Transportation for America



Dangerous by Design: Solving the Epidemic of Preventable Pedestrian Death (and Making Great Neighborhoods) ranks metropolitan areas based on the relative danger of walking.

Nearly 5,000 Americans die preventable deaths each year on roads that fail to provide safe conditions for pedestrians. More than 43,000 Americans – including 3,906 children under 16 – have been killed this decade alone. More than 76,000 Americans have died in the last 15 years. This is the equivalent of a jumbo jet going down roughly every month, yet it receives nothing like that kind of attention

This report is a joint effort of the Surface Transportation Policy Partnership and Transportation for America. Written by Michelle Ernst and Lilly Shoup, it builds on the research and analysis of a number of national organizations and policy experts who are working at the intersection of transportation, public health and safety, social equity, and the environment.

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Dangerous by design 2011 - PDF

Site

PARADA: Pacto Nacional pela Redução de Acidentes no Trânsito - Um Pacto pela Vida

DENATRAN - Departamento Nacional de Tránsito
Julio 2011


A Assembléia Geral das Nações Unidas, através de Resolução A/64/L44, publicada no dia 02 de março de 2010, proclamou o período de 2011 a 2020 como a “Década de Ações para a Segurança Viária".

A resolução recomenda aos países membro a elaboração de um plano diretor para guiar as ações nessa área no decênio, tendo como meta de estabilizar e reduzir os acidentes de trânsito em todo o mundo e foi elaborada com base em estudos da Organização Mundial de Saúde que estimou, em 2009, cerca de 1,3 milhões de mortes por acidente de trânsito em 178 países. De acordo com os estudos da OMS o Brasil aparece em 5º lugar entre os países recordistas em acidentes de trânsito precedido pela Índia, China, EUA e Rússia.

Em atendimento à recomendação da Organização das Nações Unidas o ministro das Cidades, Mário Negromonte e o ministro da Saúde, Alexandre Padilha, lançaram dia 11 de maio de 2011 o Pacto Nacional pela Redução de Acidentes no Trânsito - Um Pacto pela Vida, que tem como objetivo de buscar o engajamento dos poderes executivo, legislativo e judiciário, nos três níveis de governo, e da sociedade civil na redução dos acidentes e violência no trânsito.

Um dos principais objetivos do Pacto Nacional é a construção do Plano Nacional de Redução de Acidentes e Segurança Viária para a Década 2011-2020.

Nesse sentido, o Comitê Nacional de Mobilização pela Saúde, Segurança e Paz no Trânsito, instituído pelo Decreto Presidencial de 19 de setembro de 2007, reuniu-se para discutir e elaborar uma proposta preliminar do plano brasileiro. Essa proposta apresenta um conjunto articulado de medidas intersetoriais, através das quais se estabelecem ações, metas e cronogramas de execução, visando a redução de acidentes e mortes no trânsito.

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Technical and operational challenges to inclusive Bus Rapid Transit: A guide for practitioners

World Bank
September 2010


The purpose of this guide is to bring recent international experience to bear on accessibility issues that challenge the ability of Bus Rapid Transit systems in less-wealthy countries to serve persons with disabilities, seniors, and others who especially benefit from inclusive design.

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Otros documentos acerca de acceso universal en transporte

Sistema de Informações da Mobilidade Urbana

Associação Nacional de Transportes Públicos - ANTP


O Sistema de Informações da Mobilidade Urbana, desenvolvido pela ANTP, em parceria com o BNDES, consiste em banco de dados e informações especialmente desenhado para permitir aos setores públicos federal, estaduais e municipais, o adequado acompanhamento das várias facetas de caráter econômico e social envolvidas na dinâmica do transporte e transito urbanos dos municípios brasileiros, com população superior a 60 mil habitantes.

Quais são os produtos?
Entre os produtos do Sistema de Informações da Mobilidade Urbana pode-se citar os seguintes:

  • Consolidação de dados básicos informados pelos municípios, como frota de ônibus, tarifas, quantidade de semáforos, etc.;
  • Geração de indicadores específicos, como Frota/habitante, IPK (Índice de Passageiros por Quilometro), Semáforo/habitante, etc.;
  • Geração de indicadores para séries históricas, como evolução da demanda, tarifa, custo etc., visando a monitoração dos impactos de políticas publicas para o setor;
  • Geração de indicadores agregados nacionais, que permitam a avaliação do setor em termos de custos e participação no PIB, no processo de produção e consumo da mobilidade urbana.


Características gerais

O Sistema de Informações da Mobilidade Urbana foi desenvolvido para agregar mais de 150 dados básicos dos 437 municípios, com 60.000 ou mais habitantes em 2003, obtidos por meio de questionário enviado pela ANTP e preenchidos pelos responsáveis do transporte e transito municipais e metropolitanos. A abrangência das áreas consideradas são as seguintes: ônibus municipais; ônibus metropolitanos; metro ferroviário; transito e mobilidade urbana.

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Some decisions will last forever. An evaluation of a Swedish bicycle helmet wearing campaign

VTI
Reseach area: Traffic safety, Society and transport
2009

Photos from the publication

The aim of this study was evaluate the effect of a Swedish educational programme encouraging the use of bicycle helmets. Another to important aim was to use a theoretical model to explain which factors contribute to the prediction of cyclists’ intention to use a helmet. A non-representative sample consisting of employees working for the same insurance company located at three different locations in Sweden was selected. Two served as an experiment group and the third as a control or comparison group. Measurements were taken before and after the campaign.

The educational campaign was held by the Swedish Falck Ambulans. The session lasted for one hour. The emphasis of the campaign was to focus on accidents and injuries to the brain when not wearing a helmet. The participants were also given an opportunity to sign a bicycle helmet contract on receipt of which they received a helmet free of charge.

Data were collected using a web-based self-report survey. The results revealed that the proportion of people who used a helmet when biking to work had increased substantially amongst those having taken part in the session. It also showed that after the campaign the intention to use the helmet was greater amongst the experiment group than amongst the control group. The results showed that the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was effective in the predicting of the intention to wear a helmet. The strongest predictor was perceived behavioural control followed by subjective norm. The weakest TPB predictor was the attitude. The prediction of helmet wearing intention was significantly improved when anticipated regret and past behaviour were added to the model. The results from the Transtheoretical model showed that participants in the experimental group had on average moved one step closer to a change. In sum, it could be concluded that an educational campaign, which also includes elements of endorsement (i.e. to be given a bicycle helmet when signing a contract to use the same), significantly increases the likelihood of using a bicycle helmet.

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High speed rail: Fast track to sustainable mobility

UIC
November 2010


High speed rail encompasses a complex reality involving many technical aspects such as infrastructure, rolling stock and operations, as well as strategic and cross-sector issues including human factors and financial, commercial, and managerial aspects.

In addition, the high speed rail system combines all these various elements by using the highest level of technology and the most advanced conception for each of them.

High speed is a rapidly expanding new transport mode and is often described as the 'transport mode of the future'. This is due to the three main and very important characteristics offered to customers and society: safety, capacity ('within velocity'), and sustainability (in particular respect to the environment).

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Benchmarking de las cadenas logísticas del comercio exterior chileno

CEPAL
Julio 2008

En el marco del proyecto de la Universidad Católica de Valparaíso: "La Ciencia, La tecnología y las TIC's: fortalecen el sector logístico de Chile" que tiene como objetivo generar elaborar una estrategia de mejoramiento e implementando acciones que permitan activar la generación de negocios tecnológicos de clase mundial y elevar la capacidad competitiva de estos sectores económicos chilenos, mediante la integración y vinculación entre las empresas TICs, el sector público, universidades y el sector asociado a la Logística de Comercio Exterior chileno. Se organizó un Seminario y un taller de trabajo tendiendes a elaborar un diagnóstico mediante la discusión entre los distintos actores del sector público y privado, tendiente a generar una Agenda Estratégica para el sector logístico chileno.

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Integration and policy development thematic research summary

Transport Research Knowledge Center
January 2011

The theme of this TRS is Integration and Policy Development. The first part of the paper includes a brief analysis of the scope of the theme, and a policy review where the main policy developments at EU level are summarised.

The Integration and Policy Development theme is wide ranging, covering all transport modes and overlapping with several other themes. It includes upstream analysis of policy options, long-term visions and scenario-building, as well as transport planning aspects on a transversal level, e.g. taking into account economic, environmental, social, land use or other factors.

This paper summarises results of 12 projects (11 of them EU projects and 1 national activity), spread across four sub-themes:

  • Visions and scenarios
  • Transport and infrastructure planning - roadmaps
  • Multimodal networks and infrastructure
  • Policy assessment

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Monday, August 15, 2011

International Transport, Climate Change and Trade: What are the Options for Regulating Emissions from Aviation and Shipping and what will be their Impact on Trade?

ICTSD
Global Platform on Climate Change, Trade Policies and Sustainable Energy
October 2010

The purpose of this background paper is to give an overview of the regulation of international transport (aviation, shipping) in the face of climate change. This paper attempts to inform the different stakeholders in international transport on the direct relationship between international transport, trade and climate change. It also tries to give a clear insight into the economic impacts of transport regulation and the possible ways to offset these impacts for vulnerable countries. Thus, this paper aims to contribute to the discussion on the design and impacts of market-based solutions and other regulation instruments.

URL

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Diálogo regional de políticas de transporte urbano

BID
CODATU
Diciembre 2005

  • Políticas y estrategias en transporte urbano
  • Comparación en el desempeño de distintos tipos de sistemas de transporte público
  • Organización institucional para la gestión del tránsito y el transporte público
  • Gestión de concesiones de transporte público
  • Financiamiento del transporte público
  • Política nacional de transporte
  • El transporte urbano y su entorno
  • Grupos de trabajo nacionales

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Guidelines for the development of road safety master plans

Public Works and Infrastructure Development Department
Roads and Stormwater Division
Traffic Engineering and Operations Section

May 2009

The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality is the administrative capital of the Republic of South Africa. The city is divided into 76 wards and a political representative (ward councillor) is elected for each ward. The city has a population of about two million people and is experiencing an annual population growth that is substantially higher than the national average for the country as a whole.

Tshwane is a city in transition and has a mix of established and historically disadvantaged areas. The disadvantaged areas are mainly situated to the north of the city. Since road safety in these areas was severely neglected in the past, the new municipality that came into being in 2000 was faced with the tremendous challenge of improving road safety and providing infrastructure in these areas. Fatality rates were high and the communities were discontented about the road safety situation.

The City of Tshwane acknowledged the problem and developed road safety master plans in collaboration with stakeholders and the community. The master plans mainly focused on the provision of engineering measures such as pedestrian bridges, walkways, raised pedestrian crossings, speed humps and loading facilities at schools, but due attention was also paid to education, awareness raising, law enforcement and evaluation.

The process has been found to be highly successful and has resulted in the City’s receiving a number of national and international awards. The process has now been implemented in all previously disadvantaged areas of the city and is being integrated in the established areas in the city.

Most of the road safety improvements in the City of Tshwane are targeted at areas with high levels of pedestrian activity. Low-income or disadvantaged communities are particularly vulnerable to pedestrian accidents. These communities often experience fatalities that are disproportionately high compared to communities with lower levels of pedestrian activity. In the past, there has been a tendency to address only the needs of motorised traffic; pedestrian needs have often been neglected.

The purpose of these guidelines is to provide an overview of the process of developing, implementing and maintaining road safety master plans as applied by the City. The process described in these guidelines has been refined through experience with a number of projects. It is a process that has been found to be highly acceptable to communities and to have a high level of sustainability. The process can readily be replicated in new areas and can therefore be applied generally for the development of road safety master plans.

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Implementing Congestion Charges

OECD
April 2010


Recent advances in the scientific understanding of urban traffic congestion have only strengthened the already solid case for congestion charges as an element of a successful urban transport policy. But examples of real-world congestion charging systems remain few and far between. What can be done to improve the chances of their more widespread adoption in practice? This report draws lessons from attempts to introduce congestion charges.

Technology is not an obstacle, and technologies should serve policy purposes instead of define them. Charging systems are not cheap and thus should only be used where congestion is severe. Public acceptance is seen to be the key to successful implementation. Although environmental benefits and careful deployment of toll revenues may improve acceptance, a charging system should never lose sight of its principal aim, which is to reduce congestion.

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Wednesday, August 10, 2011

Intelligent Transport Systems

Sustainable Urban Transport Project
September 2009



GTZ sourcebook module on "Intelligent Transport Systems" updated

Technology has been playing an important role in promoting vehicular safety, reducing driving stress, comfortable travel and increased efficiency of the whole transport system. These technologies applied in a package are called “Intelligent Transport System (ITS)”.

Often, policy-makers are in a situation where they are not properly informed on the right technological choices. The GTZ Sourcebook module on “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)” focuses on choices for a city and also informs the reader of the various available ITS options, their function and advantage.

The module was written by Mr. Phil Sayeg and Prof. Phil Charles and also updated by the authors.

Unregistered visitors may register here , login and proceed to download.

Web version

En español (2011):
Sistemas de transporte inteligentes
Módulo 4e
Transporte sostenible: Texto de referencia para formuladores de políticas públicas de ciudades en desarrollo

Tuesday, August 9, 2011

Developing Tajikistan's transport sector

Asian Development Bank
February 2011


As a small landlocked country, Tajikistan depends on external trade for its development, and its export-driven businesses in agriculture and industry require transport that is fast, reliable, and cheap. Tajikistan must increase its connectivity to world markets. The country partnership strategy for 2010–2014 aims to develop transport infrastructure, build human capacity, and achieve good governance. Tajikistan is active in the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) Program, which aims to develop seamless connectivity in the region. Tajikistan has also developed a national transport sector master plan with Asian Development Bank (ADB) assistance. The plan is supportive of CAREC’s Transport and Trade Facilitation Strategy (2008–2018) and Tajikistan’s national development program. ADB will provide financial and technical assistance to support its implementation.

Contents

  • Preface
  • Transport Sector Profile
  • Challenges
  • Opportunities
  • Strategic Direction
  • Development Action Plan

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Monday, August 8, 2011

Assesing CO2 emissions: A new tool to mitigate climate change in inland transport

United Nations Development Account
2011


UNDA Project on CO2 emissions and ForFITS

The UNECE Transport Division initiated a new project to study the impact of inland transport on climate change and called the UN Development Account (UNDA) for funds to build up this project together with all UN Regional Commissions, as climate change is a global problem and needs a global solution. The funds for this 3 years project have been released and the work activities are in progress. The implementation of this project started in January 2011 and will be concluded in December 2013.

The main objective of the project is to enhance international cooperation and planning towards sustainable transport policies through the development and use of a standard monitoring and assessment tool for CO2 emissions in inland transport including a transport policy converter. This first activity within this project is to develop an information and analysis tool based on a uniform methodology for the evaluation of the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the inland transport sector (road, rail and waterways except national and international aviation and maritime transport), taking into account climate-relevant indicators, new transportation trends and the implementation of regional, national or local policy measures. CO2 emissions caused by international aviation and maritime transport are excluded from this project.

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Implementing sustainable urban travel policies in Mexico

International Transport Forum
Discussion Paper 2011 - 14
April 2011

This report describes the main challenges to urban travel in Mexico. We focus on some of the basic causes of urban transport problems, and we analyze some urban travel policies that could be considered good practices towards sustainable urban development. Mexico City is the emblematic case.

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Reading list on low carbon transport

GIZ - SUTP
April 2011


Transport is a fast growing sector. A steadily increasing motorisation along with urbanisation is a trend that can be observed in most developing countries. This and the oil dependence of the transport sector lead to considerable growth rates of carbon emissions. Actions to stop this trend are urgently needed. This paper shows how national and/or urban low-carbon transportation policies could help countries to achieve a smart, sustainable economic growth while at the same time stabilizing and later reducing transport emissions.

Sustainable Development Policies and Measures in the transport sector include a variety of co-benefits, e.g. reduced air pollution, social equity and economic development. In the context of the global economic crisis such measures promote economic growth, social stability and can also be implemented at reasonable costs.

The current document is one of the several efforts of GIZ-Sustainable Urban Transport Project to bring to the policymakers an easy to access list of available material. The document aims to list out some influential and informative resources that highlight the importance of low carbon transport in cities and shows opportunities to improve the existing situation.

Contents

  1. Policy and Practice Documents
  2. Case Studies
  3. Agreements and Submissions related to Climate Change and Transport
  4. Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) related
  5. Emissions related
  6. Cross-Cutting Issues


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Urban transport and climate change action plans

GIZ - SUTP
May 2011


More and more cities around the world are developing dedicated Climate Change Action Plans to reduce Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions and improve the local air quality for their inhabitants. The transport sector usually plays a crucial role in any such strategy. In many cases, transportation is the primary source of CO2 and other GHGs, contributing up to 40 percent of the cities’ total emissions.

This paper summarises the measures outlined in Climate Change Action Plans of more than 30 cities in all continents. Its focus is on the actions proposed in the transport chapter of the relevant plans. However, in many cases other Urban Transport Planning documents (Transportation Master Plans, Land Use Plans, etc.) play a key role for implementing specific measures, while the Climate Action Plans outline the more general goals.

The measures initiated to reduce these negative impacts of urban transport take many forms. Increasing the share of public transport and non-motorised modes such as walking and cycling are core elements in many emission reduction strategies, but most often they are supplemented by other short-term and long-term measures. One key feature of most actions proposed is that they provide several co-benefits: many options not only reduce GHG emissions and improve air quality, but also enhance energy efficiency and – especially in the developing world – contribute to better transport services for the poor.

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Consolidated resolution on road signs and signals

UNECE
Inland Transport Committee
Working Party on Road Traffic Safety
May 27 2010


The present document is submitted in conformity with the mandate of the Working Party on Road Traffic Safety (WP.1) as defined in document TRANS/WP.1/100/Add.1 (item 1(c)) which aims to develop, update and circulate the Consolidated Resolutions on Road Traffic (R.E.1) and on Road Signs and Signals (R.E.2). It contains all the recommendations on road signs that have been adopted by the WP.1 up to and including its fifty-ninth session (22-24 March 2010) and replaces all the previous versions of R.E.2

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International comparability of statistics on road traffic injuries

Harry Derriks
UNECE
62-session Working Party on Transport Statistics
July 2011

Why international comparison of statistics?
• Is comparison necessary? Yes

But why?
• For benchmarking
• To learn of each other
• To exchange knowledge about safety measures
• To cooperate international to develop together knowledge how to improve quality of life.

But also
• the possibility to get international insight in total volumes
• To develop international measures, for instance vehicle safety.

The base is formed with good statistics

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The most of our money: Taxpayer friendly solutions for the nation's transportation challenges

Reason Foundation
Transportation for America
Taxpayers for common sense
May 2011

Photo from the publication

In the 20th Century, the United States built some of the world’s preeminent transportation systems, including a interstate highway network that’s second to none. The challenge for the 21st century is to maintain this infrastructure while expanding our ability to efficiently
move people and goods.

We face multiple challenges. Money is tight, as the gasoline tax we rely on to build and maintain our transportation network loses its earning power due to improved fuel efficiency and rising costs. Meanwhile, the nation’s transportation needs are increasing, as many of our roads, bridges, and railways fall deeper into a state of disrepair. All of this is occuring in the
context of trillion-dollar annual budget deficits and a $14 trillion national debt. There has never been a more critical time to do more with less.

This paper will introduce seven transportation tools – some big, some small – that can help improve our nation’s transportation system at taxpayer-friendly costs.

This paper offers some of the latest ideas and innovations that can inform the process as Congress writes the next six-year transportation bill. We hope members of Congress will be inspired to encourage, promote, and develop these and other cost-effective transportation measures.

Content:
  1. Transportation Scenario Planning: Finding Ways to Get the Biggest Bang for the Buck
  2. High Occupancy Toll Lanes (HOT Lanes): Increasing Capacity with Roadway Pricing
  3. Bus Rapid Transit (BRT): A Cost-Effective Rapid Transit Option
  4. Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS): Using Technology to Increase Capacity
  5. Intercity Buses: Connecting Communities with Taxpayer-Friendly Transportation
  6. Teleworking: Reducing Commuter Impacts on Congested Transportation Systems
  7. Local Street Connectivity: Protecting Investments in Major Corridors with Increased Local Connectivity

Press release

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Friday, August 5, 2011

Boletin informativo interno Nº 56 - 2011

Ministerio de Transporte y Obras Públicas - Uruguay
Nº56
Julio 2011

Destacados:

  • Aprender de Singapur
  • El Ministerio de Transporte y Obras Públicas procura acordar una Política de Estado en torno al transporte
  • Instituto de Logística avanza para apuntalar crecimiento del sector

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Wednesday, August 3, 2011

Parking policy in Asian cities

Asian Development Bank
July 2011


Most Asian cities are facing an acute parking crisis as a result of rapid urbanization and motorization, and high urban densities. Parking policy is an important component of a holistic approach to sustainable urban transport across the region. The report provides an international comparative perspective on parking policy in Asian cities, while highlighting the nature of the policy choices available. It is a step in building a knowledge base to address the knowledge gap on parking and the lack of adequate guidance for parking policy in Asia.

Contents

  • Executive Summary
  • Introduction
  • Approaches to Parking Supply Policy
  • Minimum Parking Requirements and Parking Built with Buildings
  • Parking Policy in Streets and Lanes
  • Government Resources Devoted to Off-Street Parking Supply
  • Policy toward Public Parking as a Business
  • Parking as a Mobility Management Tool
  • Car Parking Outcomes in Asian Cities
  • Motorcycle Parking
  • Parking Policy Trajectories?
  • Policy Lessons and Conclusions
  • References
  • Appendixes

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Community-Based Routine Maintenance of Roads by Women's Groups: Guide for Communications Bureaus

Asian Development Bank
July 2011


This guide describes how to implement a system of community-based rural road maintenance involving groups of women, specifically in Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.

It was written as part of a pilot project supported by the Gender and Development Cooperation Fund of the Asian Development Bank. This pilot project aims to show that women can effectively participate in the maintenance of rural roads, resulting in improved road conditions and better access for those who rely on roads, and in creating employment opportunities and incomes for women. It also serves to identify specific issues in the participation of women in rural road maintenance, while defining solutions that facilitate their involvement.

This guide is complemented by a manual that was developed under the same Gender and Development Cooperation Fund pilot project.

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Community-Based Routine Maintenance of Roads by Women's Groups: Manual for Maintenance Groups

Asian Development Bank
July 2011


This manual is aimed at women's maintenance groups responsible for the routine maintenance of rural roads (including earthen, gravel, and stone-paved roads). It details the different activities to be carried out by the maintenance groups to keep the road in good condition by preventing damage and carrying out minor repairs. It explains the planning and organization of the work, as well as how county communications bureaus responsible for these roads contract the groups.

This manual was written as part of a pilot project supported by the Gender and Development Cooperation Fund of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). This pilot project aims to show that women can effectively participate in the maintenance of rural roads, resulting in improved road conditions and better access for those that rely on roads, and to create employment opportunities and incomes for the women themselves. It also identifies specific issues regarding the participation of women in rural road maintenance, defining solutions for facilitating their participation. These solutions are to be incorporated in a project on rural road maintenance in Dehong Prefecture to be financed by ADB.

This manual is complemented by a guide that was developed under the same Gender and Development Cooperation Fund pilot project.

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High-Speed Rail: Public, Private or Both? - Assessing the Prospects, Promise and Pitfalls of Public-Private Partnerships

Tony Dutzik and Jordan Schneider, Frontier Group, Phineas Baxandall
U.S. PIRG Education Fund
July 2011

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Private sector companies are likely to play a major role in the construction of high-speed rail lines in the United States. Public-private partnerships – or “PPPs” – have come to play an important role in the construction of high-speed rail lines around the world.

The experience with high-speed rail PPPs, however, has been mixed. While PPP arrangements have brought private capital and expertise to the task of building high-speed rail, PPPs have also resulted in cost overruns, government bailouts, and other serious problems for the public. America must learn from these experiences and pursue PPPs only in keeping with key principles designed to protect the public interest.

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Tuesday, August 2, 2011

Better economic regulation: The role of the regulator

International Transport Forum
ITF Round Tables, No. 150
May 2011

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Efficient provision of transport infrastructure is critical to economic growth. The long asset lives of much transport infrastructure indicates governance through regulation, rather than through contract or public ownership. This can ensure predictability in long-term relationships whilst preserving some flexibility to deal with changes in external circumstances.

The transparency created by a fully independent regulator is invaluable for ensuring sufficient investment is forthcoming, while maintaining reasonable conditions for user access. Discussion at the Roundtable focussed on how to achieve effective independent regulation and how to reconcile independence with the legitimate control of policy by the executive part of government.

Independent regulation is not seen as a universal default governance arrangement. Much of the discussion focused on when to regulate and when to rely on competition, even if imperfect, to drive efficiency. The discussions underscored that there are opportunities to improve performance significantly in the aviation, rail and road sectors, by learning from successful experience in improving governance structures in a range of countries.

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Transport Outlook 2011: Meeting the needs of 9 billion people

International Transport Forum
May 2011

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The world’s population will reach 9 billion by 2050. Meeting their transport demands will be challenging. As both population and incomes rise, global passenger mobility and global freight transport volumes may triple by 2050. The International Transport Forum’s 2011 Outlook examines these trends, exploring the factors that may drive demand even higher and the limits imposed by infrastructure capacity, fuel prices and policies to accommodate or limit potentially explosive growth of car use in rapidly developing countries.

The Outlook traces scenarios for emissions of CO2 from transport and the impact of policies to improve the fuel economy of conventional vehicles and promote the use of electric cars, including implications for fuel tax revenues. Trends in passenger car traffic are given particular attention, examining evidence for saturation of demand in high income countries.

The report also focuses on future directions for trade, as suggested by trends in the current economic recovery. A global rebalancing in the wake of the financial crisis may already be over, with trade returning to pre-crisis patterns ahead of any longer term restructuring for economic sustainability.

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UNCTAD - Transport Newsletter - No 49 First Quarter 2011 and No 50. Second Quarter 2011

UNCTAD
Trade Logistics Branch, Division on Technology and Logistics

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No 49 First Quarter 2011

No 50 Second Quarter 2011

Monday, August 1, 2011

Reducing congestion and funding transportation using road pricing in Europe and Singapore

Federal Highway Administration International Programs
December 2010


Congestion pricing use has been limited in the United States because of political, institutional, and public acceptance concerns. The Federal Highway Administration, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, and National Cooperative Highway Research Program sponsored a scanning study of Europe and Singapore to identify ideas and models for integrating road pricing approaches into U.S. practices.

The scan team found that countries with clearly defined and well-understood policy goals were able to achieve targeted outcomes most effectively. The team also learned that a large-scale demonstration project is a good tool to build public acceptance of road pricing.

Team recommendations for U.S. implementation include enhanced outreach and communication on road pricing use and research on public perception issues and implementation barriers. The team also recommended development of a road pricing toolkit to provide transportation professionals with a comprehensive decision analysis tool to assess the merits of road pricing options.

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Executive summary

The dutch way: Bicycles and fresh bread

The New York Times
July 30 2011

In the Netherlands, respect for bicycles is hard-wired into the culture.

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Taking advantage of intelligent transport systems to improve road safety

PIARC - World Road Association
July 2011
Comité technique 3.1 Sécurité routière / Technical Committee 3.1 Road Safety
181p.

Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) have been used for more than 20 years. ITS is rapidly entering the marketplace and is likely to penetrate a greater part of the vehicle fleet in the next 10 - 15 years. Applied effectively, ITS can save lives, time, and money as well as reduce threats to our environment.

The general message is that ITS should be applied for easing the task of the driver: ITS will also reduce the driver’s risk of being involved in a crash. But one has to be careful because some systems are not developped and implemented to reduce crashes and some systems are even expected to result in more crashes. Road authorities, as a major public stakeholder in ITS, are largely responsible for the safety aspects of ITS. Therefore, road authorities should increase research efforts, conduct pilots and invest in safety related areas of ITS.

This report shows the seven ITS-measures found to have the greatest influence in reducing the number of fatalities in road crashes.

Tabla de contenido

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Road and bridge damage, Port-au-Prince, Haiti

UNITAR

The UN Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) Operational Satellite Applications Programme (UNOSAT) has produced a map identifying road and bridge obstacles in Port-au-Prince to support the international humanitarian relief effort in Haiti: Satellite-Identified IDP Concentrations, Road & Bridge Obstacles in Central Port-au-Prince, Haiti

Link to related maps

Road and bridge damage

Plataformas logísticas: elementos conceptuales y rol del sector público

CEPAL
Boletín Fal
Facilitación del comercio y el transporte en América Latina y el Caribe
Edición No 274, Número 6 /2009

El desarrollo portuario y en particular, el desarrollo de plataformas logísticas han sido un elemento crucial para enfrentar la creciente integración comercial. El acceso a un hinterland cada vez más grande y competitivo ha exigido como condición necesaria mayor y mejor integración de a lo menos el modo marítimo con el carretero, y en los casos donde los volúmenes y el tipo de tráfico lo requiere, el ferroviario. En este contexto, el presente Boletín FAL de los autores Erick Leal y Gabriel Pérez Salas, tiene como objetivo entregar algunos elementos conceptuales y prácticos que permitan una primera aproximación acerca de las condiciones necesarias para una implementación exitosa de plataformas logísticas y en particular analizar el rol del sector público en el desarrollo de la logística nacional. Dicho propósito tiene especial relevancia considerando el enorme interés que existe en el sector privado en desarrollar este tipo de infraestructuras, habida cuenta del retraso relativo que la región presenta tanto en la dotación de infraestructura como en servicios de transporte y logísticos competitivos.

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