Delivering to future cities - Mega trends driving urban logistics

Frost & Sullivan
January 2013

Over the past two decades delivering goods into the cities has become a challenge with cities getting overly congested and traffic jams resulting in expensive logistics bottlenecks. In fact, studies show that the cost of congestion now in terms of time wasted in traffic and fuel consumption is off the roof, almost 200% more than what it was in the 1980s. And congestion is only a part of the urban delivery problem. Pollution, lack of parking bays, and warehousing costs are all restraints that are contributing to the economic cost of urban logistics.

There is already a paradigm shift in how products are being manufactured (3D printing) and retailed (transition to online channels) today and the common denominator, supply chain, at all stages of a product's lifecycle must quickly adapt to the changes as well. While it will take another decade or so for 3D printing to become mainstream, the growing market of online retail has already significantly impacted the industry. In order to understand these shifts, it is important to understand the megatrends that directly influence them.

Mega trends and Urban Logistics

We see four main Mega trends that will impact urban logistics - urbanisation, connectivity and convergence, bricks and clicks and multimodality (high speed rail).

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The fantasy world of private finance for transport via public private partnerships

Jean SHAOUL, Anne STAFFORD and Pam STAPLETON
Manchester Business School,University of Manchester,
United Kingdom
September 2012

Discussion Paper No. 2012-6
Prepared for the Roundtable on: Public Private Partnerships for Funding Transport Infrastructure: Sources of Funding, Managing Risk and Optimism Bias
(27-28 September 2012)
International Transport Forum

A key message of this paper is that it is more costly for the public sector to use the private sector as financial intermediaries. This is due in part to the higher cost of commercial over public debt and the cost of the profit margin of both the private partner and its extensive supply chain. But there are also the not inconsiderable legal and financial advisors’ fees to each of the numerous parties to the transaction to structure and negotiate it

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Challenges for urban freight in Mexico city

Freight Transport for Development
May 2011

Foto: Omar Omar

This case study aims to show what freight transport related challenges policy makers in metropolitan areas are facing. It shows that interaction and cooperation within the institutional framework is very important and that a complex institutional framework jeopardizes good governance. The case study describes institutional challenges, environmental challenges and infrastructure related challenges. It also summarizes a number policy measures that could potentially improve the situation in Mexico city.

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Desarrollo urbano y movilidad en América Latina

CAF
Enero 2012

Esta publicación resume la evolución de la movilidad y el desarrollo urbano para 15 áreas metropolitanas de América Latina que forman parte del Observatorio de Movilidad Urbana (OMU) de CAF. Para esto, un grupo de expertos describen su historia y las condiciones actuales de la movilidad en sus territorios con datos del OMU. De esta forma, el documento permite un análisis integrado, con comparaciones entre los procesos ocurridos en la región.

El libro ha sido estructurado en capítulos por cada área metropolitana, que describen sucintamente la historia del desarrollo urbano y de su sistema de transporte e incorporan datos de las condiciones actuales de la movilidad. Un capítulo adicional compara las condiciones de movilidad actuales de las 15 ciudades y resume los datos completos del reporte oficial del OMU (CAF, 2010).

Por último, se presentan las conclusiones obtenidas del análisis efectuado sobre las ciudades presentadas. El libro constituye un aporte para el análisis que debería realizarse, en el menor plazo posible, de la situación de la urbanización en América Latina para estructurar políticas públicas y comportamientos que contribuyan al desarrollo y a la sostenibilidad de las áreas urbanas de la región y su movilidad.

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Development of an Institutional framework for optimization of the National Logistics Plan for Uruguay

Freight Transport for Development
2011

This case study reflects on the institutional framework that can contribute to increasing the competitive position of a country’s logistic services sector. It also highlights that cooperation between public and private sectors is required.


Foto: conecta9

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Experiencias exitosas contra la inseguridad vial: Sistematización de los resultados del II Concurso Nacional de Seguridad Vial

Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires
Dirección Nacional de Observatorio Vial
OPS

Las "Experiencias exitosas" o también conocidas como "Mejores prácticas" son un concepto creado por las Naciones Unidas y por la Comunidad Internacional, que define un conjunto de iniciativas que buscan mejorar la calidad de vida y la sostenibilidad de las ciudades y las comunidades.

Las mejores prácticas sirven:

• Como instrumento para mejorar la política en materia pública.
• Para aumentar el grado de conciencia de los responsables de formular políticas y de la comunidad sobre las posibles soluciones a problemas de tipo social, económico y ambiental.
• Para compartir y transferir el conocimiento y la experiencia a través del aprendizaje mediante un sistema de red.
• Como memoria institucional. Esto permite aprender de otros.
• Como herramienta para ayudar a los políticos a desarrollar sus programas de trabajo.
• Como facilitador de la cooperación técnica entre comunidades.
• Como evidencia científica.

Finalmente, saber "que funciona" es la esencia del desarrollo de buenas políticas y programas.

Aprendamos Jugando - Lotería Vial - Municipio de Urdinarrain
Control Alcoholemia - Municipio de Urdinarrain
Uso del Casco - Municipio de Urdinarrain
Experiencia de Uso de Casco - Municipio de Urdinarrain

La seguridad vial en la región de América Latina y el Caribe: Situación actual y resultados

CEPAL
Serie Recursos Naturales e Infraestructura
Nº 102
Noviembre 2005

La seguridad vial, se convierte en un problema de gravedad creciente si pensamos que existen estimaciones que indican que en los países de América Latina y el Caribe, entre el año 2000 y el 2020, el número de víctimas mortales por el tránsito crecerá en un 48%, 149% en el Asia Meridional y aún cuando las predicciones son mejores para los países de Europa Oriental y Asia Central se estima un aumento del 19%. Con el objeto de enfrentar esta realidad, la Unidad de Transporte de la CEPAL ha encargado un estudio sobre la situación referente a la seguridad vial en los países de América Latina y el Caribe, para cubrir, entre otros, los siguientes temas: * Tasas de accidentes viales, personas lesionadas en estos accidentes, fallecimientos a raíz de estos accidentes, por habitante y por vehículo motorizado, comparando la situación en los países de la región con la de países asiáticos, en transición e industrializados; * La incorporación de la seguridad vial en la planificación del sector transporte y en la evaluación de proyectos; * Las instituciones relacionadas con el tema de la seguridad vial en los distintos países de la región, el papel de cada uno de ellos, y los mecanismos de planificación de actividades relacionadas con la seguridad en la región, y; * Conclusiones generales en los países de la región respecto a la seguridad vial.

Se espera que dado el tiempo asignado al estudio, se debería cubrir una selección representativa de los países de la región, incluyendo (i) cinco de Sudamérica; (ii) México; (iii) cuatro de América Central y los países de habla española del Caribe, y (iv) dos otros de la subregión caribeña.

Las secciones siguientes de este informe dan cuenta del trabajo realizado, los datos obtenidos, y las conclusiones y recomendaciones que de él se desprenden.

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Transportation's role in reducing U.S. Greenhouse gas emissions

Vol 1: Synthesis report
U.S. Department of Transportation
Report to Congress
April 2010

A number of strategies can be used to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transportation, such as using low-carbon fuels, increasing vehicle fuel economy, improving system efficiency and reducing travel that involves high levels of carbon emissions, according to a report released ... by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT).

Full Press release by Department of Transportation

Access the document

Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from U.S. Transportation

David L. Greene and Howard H. Baker, Jr. - Center for Public Policy
Steven E. Plotkin - Argonne National Laboratory
PEW
January 2011

Transportation is vital to our economy and quality of life. But it is also the primary cause of U.S. oil dependency, and is responsible for more than a quarter of U.S. emissions of the greenhouse gases that are warming our planet. This report examines whether we can substantially reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from U.S. transportation. Report authors David Greene and Steve Plotkin provide three plausible scenarios of technology, policy, and public attitudes that result in cost-effective GHG reductions throughout the transportation sector. The High Mitigation Scenario shows we can reduce GHG emissions from transportation by as much as 65 percent below today’s levels by 2050. In order to do so, we need action on three fronts: targeted public policies, technological progress, and commitment from Americans as consumers and citizens.

Video

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Infraestructura y servicios de transporte ferroviario vinculados a las vías de navegación fluvial en América del Sur

Gordon Wilmsmeier
Serie de recursos naturales e infraestructura Nº 124
CEPAL
Octubre 2007

El transporte de carga ha abierto amplios horizontes para la economía internacional, permitiendo el avance de la especialización geográfica y que la industria utilice fuentes de servicio a escala global. Aún así, el mercado de transporte en América del Sur exige una integración adicional, incluyendo la conexión de todos los puntos nodales dentro de la región hasta las regiones fronterizas, casi siempre aisladas.

Dentro de las cargas transportadoras el transporte por ferrocarril en América del Sur sigue siendo el de menor importancia tanto a nivel nacional como subregional. Pero con el auge de la exportación y el interés renovado en el desarrollo de infraestructura crece la posibilidad de crear un nuevo enfoque, que incluye no solo la percepción unimodal, sino también la multimodal o intermodal.

Se destaca las posibilidades del transporte ferroviario de conectar regiones aisladas con las vías fluviales lo cual permite el fácil acceso a los puertos marítimos aguas abajo. En el presente estudio, se analiza este potencial bajo una visión conducente al desarrollo sustentable del transporte, con un impacto menor sobre el medio ambiente.

En base a un planteamiento metodológico y ejemplos, se llega a la conclusión de que es necesario iniciar un proceso político que tome en cuenta los impactos del transporte y la movilidad de las cargas. Este proceso debe poner énfasis en el potencial del desarrollo económico de regiones aisladas a través de la integración de los modos ferro-fluvial en América del Sur. Una visión unificada y la implementación de una política de transporte regional integrada puede resolver distorsiones y crear competitividad y eficiencia no solamente dentro del sector de transporte, sino también en su interacción con los otros sectores económicos y también sociales.

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Seaports of the Americas Directory 2012

The authoritative and comprehensive guide to the seaports, port authorities and port industry of the Americas
American Association of Port Authorities
2012

AAPA's comprehensive annual profile & directory of the seaports, port authorities, terminal operators & port services industry of the Western Hemisphere and official annual AAPA membership directory. Published annually in March...in print and online.

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Urban Freight in Developing Cities

Bernhard O. Herzog
SUTP
November 2010

This new GTZ Sourcebook module describes the importance of freight transportation in the context of urban development and provides detailed information on available options to meet current and future challenges for urban goods transport in rapidly growing cities of the developing world.

The module has been written by Bernhard O. Herzog, expert in the field of freight operation and fleet-management with more than 30 years experience in the field of transport planning and logistics.

The publication contains 62 fully illustrated pages 51 figures, 19 boxes and 8 tables. Additionally it provides further reading and links on additional aspects of urban freight.

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Urban transport and energy efficiency

(Susanne Böhler-Baedeker and Hanna Hüging)
Module 5h - Sustainable Transport: A sourcebook for policy-makers in developing countries
SUTP
January 2012

Considering the challenges of limited oil resources, increasing energy prices, climate change, environmental pollution and health risks, it is essential to establish an efficient transport system that meets demand, but consumes as little energy as possible. The SUTP Sourcebook Module 5h titled "Urban Transport and Energy Efficiency" serves as a navigator for decision makers and stakeholders, including local and national authorities, the private sector and non-governmental organisations. It provides a comprehensive overview of measures and policies designed to promote greater energy efficiency in transport, and assigns specific tasks and responsibilities to particular parties. Case studies illustrate international experiences in implementing measures to increase energy efficiency in transport.
Foto: Wuppertal Institute

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Adapting road procurement to climate conditions

Iimi, Atsushi; Benamghar, Radia
World Bank
Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 6029
April 2012

The world's climate is changing. It is well recognized that technical standards and project specifications of public infrastructure have to be adjusted, depending on the climate. However, it is less recognized that the public infrastructure procurement also needs to be adjusted. This paper examines a particular case of rural road procurement in Nepal. Severe weather conditions, such as heavy rains and storms, are likely to interrupt civil works and wash away unpaved or gravel roads. It is found that heavy precipitation causes delays, but not cost overruns. The paper also shows that budgetary efficiency and credibility could be improved by taking climate conditions into account. If future precipitation were anticipated by backward-looking expectations, many large project delays could be avoided. If the autoregressive precipitation model were used, the vast majority of the observed delays could be eliminated.

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The impact of demand on cargo dwell time in ports in SSA

Beuran, Monica; Mahihenni, Mohamed Hadi; Raballand, Gael ; Refas, Salim;
World Bank
Policy Research working paper ; no. WPS 6014
Marzo 2012

Long cargo dwell times in ports are a critical issue in Sub-Saharan African countries since they result in slow import processes and are bound to dramatically reduce trade. The main objective of this study is to analyze long dwell times' causes in ports in Sub-Saharan Africa from a shipper's perspective. The findings point to the crucial importance of private sector practices and incentives. The authors argue in the case of Sub-Saharan African countries that private operators, rather than being advocates of reforms in this area, might be responsible for the failures of many of these initiatives. It seems that in Sub-Saharan Africa importers' and freight forwarders' professionalism, cash constraints and operators' strategies are some of the factors that have a major impact on cargo dwell time. Low competency, cash constraints and low storage tariffs explain why most importers have little incentive to reduce cargo dwell time since in most cases, this would increase their input costs. However, monopolists/cartels may have a stronger incentive to reduce cargo dwell time but only in order to maximize their profit (and would not adjust prices downward).

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Air Transport and Energy Efficiency

World Bank
Transport Paper Series - 38
Februrary 2012

The air transport sector is enjoying an optimistic growth rate while at the same time eliciting growing concern, due to its environmental impact and its vulnerability with respect to energy security. This report aims to guide the air transport industry, policy makers, and development institutions on where to focus their investments or support in developing and emerging markets in order to address the energy and climate change challenges ahead.

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Foro mundial para la armonización de la reglamentación sobre vehículos

UNECE WP. 29
2002

El Foro Mundial para la armonización de la reglamentación sobre vehículos (WP.29), llamado anteriormente Grupo de Trabajo sobre Fabricación de Vehículos, fue establecido el 6 de junio de 1952 en el marco del Comité de Transportes Interiores, por la resolución Nº 45 del Subcomité de Transporte por Carretera (SC.1) de la Comisión Económica para Europa de las Naciones Unidas (CEPE). En esta resolución se pedía el establecimiento de un grupo de trabajo formado por expertos competentes en materia de condiciones técnicas de los vehículos para aplicar las disposiciones técnicas generales de la Convención sobre la Circulación Vial concluida en Ginebra en 1949. En esas disposiciones se identifican las caracterÌsticas del vehículo como la causa principal de los accidentes de tráfico, con su secuela de muertos y heridos.


El WP.29 administra actualmente tres acuerdos: el Acuerdo de 1958, el Acuerdo Mundial de 1998 y el Acuerdo de 1997 sobre la inspección técnica periódica. Unos grupos de trabajo subsidiarios, sucesores de los antiguos "grupos de relatores" y "grupos de expertos", ayudan al WP.29 a investigar, analizar y elaborar las especificaciones para las normas técnicas en las esferas de su competencia: contaminación y energía (GRPE), disposiciones de seguridad general (GRSG), frenos y aparatos de rodadura (GRRF), alumbrado y señalización luminosa (GRE), seguridad pasiva (GRSP) y ruido (GRB).

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Handbook of best practices at border crossings: A trade and transport facilitation perspective

OSCE - Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and UNECE
February 2012

A practical guide for government agencies and private sector bodies which operate border crossing points. Published by the OSCE and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe.














Table of contents:

Foreword
Overview
1. Trade and Customs: The International Legal Framework
2. From Domestic to International Co-operation
3. Balancing Security with Trade and Transport Facilitation and Developing Partnerships with Private Industry
4. Processing of Freight: Policies for Control, Clearance and Transit
5. Risk Management and Selectivity
6. Options for the Design of Border Crossing Points
7. Information and Communications Technology and Non-Intrusive Inspection
Photo: OSCE

8. Human Resource Management
9. Measuring Border Agency Performance: Possibilities for Benchmarking
ANNEX 1: Border definitions
ANNEX 2: International organizations
Photo Credits
Abbreviations and Acronyms

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From Transition to Transformation: Sustainable and inclusive development in Europe and Central Asia

United Nations
February 2012

This report was launched at the first Global Human Development Forum which brought together high-level experts from governments, corporations, civil society and international organizations to examine the global policy changes required to ensure a sustainable future for people today and for generations to come. The report, supported by 13 U.N. agencies, calls for a transformation to integrated policy making, where social equity, economic growth and environmental protection are approached together. It is a contribution of governments, experts, researchers and development practitioners ahead of the ‘Rio+20’ U.N. Conference on Sustainable Development in June in Brazil where participants will come together to discuss and shape new policies and measures to promote prosperity, reduce poverty and advance social equity and environmental protection.

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Strategic Framework for Road Safety

Department for Transport
May 2011

The Strategic Framework for Road Safety sets out our approach to continuing to reduce killed and seriously injured casualties on Britain’s roads. Our focus is on increasing the range of educational options for the drivers who make genuine mistakes and can be helped to improve while improving enforcement against the most dangerous and deliberate offenders. Additionally, at the local level, we will be increasing the road safety information that is available to local citizens.

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Intelligent Mobility – thinking about tomorrow’s transport

UNECE
March 2012

Intelligent Mobility – thinking about tomorrow’s transport
This was the title of a recent UNECE Inland Transport Committee policy debate. High‐level speakers, governments, experts and academia from all the around the world came together on 28 February 2012 to discuss Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and to contribute to the policy‐segment and launch of the UNECE strategy package on ITS.

Intelligent Transport Systems play an important role in shaping the future ways of mobility and the transport sector. Through the application of ITS, transport can be more efficient, safer and greener. The objective of the UNECE strategy on ITS is to lobby for new actions and policies that would improve quality of life and make sustainable mobility available across borders.

Ver más y bajar presentaciones

Presentations
Inter-operability as a supra-national challenge - the EU perspectives
Mr. Fotis Karamitsos

ITS as an efficient tool for governments
Mr. Michael Harting

How innovation is driving mobility – today and for future generations
Mr. Kenji Wani

Road Safety Programme and ITS - lessons learned in Italy
Mr. Antonio Erario

Russia's way in speed management - how technology is saving lives
Mr. Vladimir Kryuchkov

Combining ITS and Logistics - three public-private examples
Mr. Nico Anten

Leapfrogging opportunities and the need for policy direction on ITS
Dr. Paul Vorster

What changes have been brought about in France
Mr. Jean Francois Janin

Name it and solve it - current obstacles to full ITS deployment
Mr. Richard Harris

What needs to be done
Mr. Vincent Blervaque

ITS Satellite Accident Response Systems in Russia

UNCTAD Transport Newsletter

UNCTAD
Nº53 - First Quarter 2012

Content

• Upcoming conference: Thirteenth session of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
• (UNCTAD XIII), 21‐26 April 2012, Doha, Qatar
• Ministerial Conference on Transport at ESCAP, Second Session, 12‐16 March 2012 Bangkok, Thailand: Asia‐
• Pacific nations reaffirm their commitment to efficient, reliable and safe transport infrastructure and
• services
• Newly published "Liability and Compensation for Ship‐Source Oil Pollution: An Overview of the International
• Legal Framework for Oil Pollution Damage from Tankers", UNCTAD Studies in Transport Law and Policy
• Newly published "Trade Facilitation in Regional Trade Agreements", from the UNCTAD Transport and Trade
• Facilitation Series
• UNCTAD project launched to develop Implementation Plans for an eventual WTO Trade Facilitation
• Agreement in several countries
• UNCTAD Case Study ‐ How to utilize FDI to improve transport infrastructure (Ports) ‐ Lessons from Nigeria
• The Low Carbon Shipping (LCS) Consortium
• Upcoming events under the UNCTAD Port Training Programme
• UNCTAD Technical Notes on Trade Facilitation now in Spanish
• Trade Facilitation as an Early Harvest under the WTO Doha Round
• Public Private Infrastructure Advisory Facility (PPIAF) Toolkit for PPPs
• OSCE‐UNECE Handbook of Best Practices at Border Crossings
• Data Harmonization and Modelling Guide  for Single Window Environment
• Training Programmes on Trade Facilitation and Rules of Origin during 2012 and 2013
• Globalization and Transport
• Oil Spill Risk Management 2011
• Measuring and Managing CO2 Emissions of European Chemical Transport
• Time as a Trade Barrier
• TransFarm Africa Initiative ‐ Removing the Barriers to African agricultural production, Tanzania Case study
• All About Shipping
• Policy Analysis of Complex Transport Systems, 2‐7 June 2012, Azores, Portugal
• PortExecutive Seminar, 28‐29 June 2012, Marseilles, France
• Maritime Public Leaders’ Programme, 15‐23 October 2012, Singapore
• Intelligent Mobility – thinking about  tomorrow’s transport

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Research on the health and wellness of commercial truck and bus drivers: Summary of an international conference

TRB
April 2012

TRB’s Conference Proceedings on the Web 5: Research on the Health and Wellness of Commercial Truck and Bus Drivers: Summary of an International Conference is the proceedings of a November 2010 conference held in Baltimore, Maryland.

The proceedings highlight and document what transpired at the conference; summarize noteworthy issues and gaps in knowledge identified at the conference; and describe suggestions that were discussed there for possible future directions that the transportation health and safety community might pursue in these arenas.

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Optimizing the size of public road contracts

Iimi, Atsushi; Benamghar, Radia
World Bank
Policy Research working paper no. WPS 6028
April 2012

Procurement packaging has important effects on not only the bidders' bidding behavior, but also contractors' performance. By changing the size of public contracts, procurers can encourage (or discourage) market competition and improve contract performance, avoiding unnecessary cost overruns and project delays. In practice, there is no single solution about how to package public contracts. With procurement data from road projects in Nepal, this paper examines the optimal size of road contracts in rural areas. The optimum varies depending on policy objectives. To maximize the bidder participation, the length of road should be about 11 kilometers. To minimize cost overruns and delays, the contracts should be much larger at 17 and 21 kilometers, respectively. Compared with the current procurement practices, the findings suggest that procurers take more advantage of enlarging road packages, although contracts that are too large may increase the risk of discouraging firms from participating in public tenders.

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Diseño conceptual del sistema estratégico de transporte público de Villavicencio: Resultado de análisis de alternativas

Unión temporal Steer Davies Gleave - AKIRIS
Preparado para DNP
Junio 2009

En este documento se presenta una propuesta técnica y financiera para el desarrollo del Estudio de “DISEÑO CONCEPTUAL DEL SISTEMA ESTRATÉGICO DE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO DE VILLAVICENCIO” la cual se ha desarrollado a partir de los análisis realizados por el consultor y la incorporación de los comentarios por parte del DNP y de la administración Municipal.

1.2 Este documento constituye el Informe 4: Resultado de Análisis de Alternativas del estudio del “DISEÑO CONCEPTUAL DEL SISTEMA ESTRATÉGICO DE TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO DE VILLAVICENCIO”. De acuerdo con las obligaciones contractuales este informe debe incluir:

• El resultado final de las propuestas del plan de acción para la transición del sistema y el análisis de costos y financiero del proyecto. En especial deberán indicarse los usos y fuentes de todo el sistema así como la viabilidad en el tiempo de las posibles fuentes. En el informe deberá existir coherencia entre el análisis adelantado en el estudio de Ivarsson y los nuevos planteamientos.
• El diseño de la reestructuración del servicio y las necesidades de par y paso para la adopción del nuevo sistema.

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Achieving emissions reductions in the freight sector: Understanding freight flows and exploring reduction options

Georgetown Climate Center
James J. Winebrake, PhD.
Rochester Institute of Technology
Presented via Webinar for the Talking Freight Seminar: Freight and the Environment Part I
21 March 2012

Freight is closely tied to economic growth and is growing; unfortunately, the bulk of freight is moved by high energy-intensive and GHG-intensive modes (truck).

On behalf of the Transportation and Climate Initiative, Dr. James Winebrake recently conducted an analysis of all freight moving through the northeastern United States.

The presentation shows some examples of emissions, costs and time for freight routes, and potentially sets the stage for additional work in this area.

The IF-TOLD Mitigation Framework

• Intermodalism/Infrastructure– use of efficient modes and infrastructure
• Fuels – use of low carbon fuels
• Technology – application of efficient technologies
• Operations – best practices in operator behavior
• Logistics – improve supply chain management
• Demand – reduce how much STUFF we consume

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EIB Transport Lending Policy

European Investment Bank
December 2011

The EIB adopted a revised transport lending policy on 13 December 2011. The revised transport lending policy sets the guiding principles and selection criteria that will reinforce the Bank's contribution to this sector, in particular taking into account climate change concerns.

The transport lending policy was revised following a formal public consultation that was launched in 2010.

The new transport lending policy fully takes into account the European Commission White Paper for transport "Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area –Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system” that was adopted on 28 March 2011.

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Strategy 2030: Maritime trade and transport logistics

Hamburg Institute of International Economics
Berenberg Bank
2006

Maritime Trade and Transport Logistics
HWWI (Part A)
Perspectives for maritime trade – Cargo shipping and port economics
Berenberg Bank (Part B)
Perspectives of maritime trade and transport logistics – Strategies for companies and investors

Global economic development in the past decades has been characterized by a rapidly progressing intensification in world trade and international division of labor. In recent decades, as a result of the expansive development of international merchandise trade, cargo shipping has been one of the fastest growing economic sectors. The progressive global integration processes, the future reduction in trade barriers, and the expected increase in prosperity in numerous regions of the world will also call for a marked expansion in world trade and cargo shipping. This designates maritime logistics as an economic sector with favorable perspectives for development. The present study – using as a starting point a forecast of the development of world trade up to the year 2030 – deals with development trends in cargo shipping and the related impact on ports in the European trade areas.

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Achieving sustainability in urban transport in developing and transition countries

Umwelt Bundes Amt
August 2011
Prof. Dr. Michael Bräuninger, Dr. Sven Schulze, Leon Leschus, Dr. Jürgen Perschon, Christof Hertel, Simon Field, Nicole Foletta

Although nearly one fourth of global CO2-emissions are caused by the transport sector, its effects cannot be reduced to impacts on climate change. Other sustainability problems induced by the transport sector include air pollution, noise and accidents. At the same time mobility has become a basic human need and there is a strong connection between economic development and the transport sector. These effects are especially relevant in urban areas. Nowadays half of the world’s population resides in cities and until the year 2050 this share is expected to rise to 70 %. Besides, cities today already account for nearly two thirds of global energy consumption and for more than 70 % of global CO2-emissions. Thus, this study focuses on sustainability issues in urban transport. Special attention is given to the situation in developing and emerging countries.

2. Best-Practice Examples 45
Case Study 1: National Financing Instruments: Second Generation Road Funds - The Case of Tanzania 45
Case Study 2: Local Financing Instruments in Sibiu, Romania 48
Case Study 3: Public Private Partnership (PPP) in Transport – Hong Kong 50
Case Study 4: Global Environment Facility (GEF): The Latin America Regional Sustainable Transport and Air Quality Project 53
Case Study 5: Climate Investment Fund (CIF) & Clean Technology Fund (CTF) for comprehensive urban transport systems: Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 55
Case Study 6: Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMA) Morocco 58

3. Settlement structures 61
1. Background 61
2. Best-Practice Examples 66
Case Study 7: Coordination of Transportation and Land Use Planning in Curitiba, Brazil 66
Case Study 8: Affordable Housing in Bogota, Colombia 702
Case Study 9: Brownfield Redevelopment in Beijing, China 73
Case Study 10: Sustainable Urban Development in Kunming, China 77
4. Technological solutions 81
Tech-Box 1: Trolleybuses 85
Tech-Box 2: Bioethanol in Brazil 86
Tech-Box 3: Cable propelled transit in Caracas 88
5. Non-technological solutions 92
1. Background 92
1. General considerations 92
2. Push-measures 94
3. Pull-measures 99
2. Best-Practice Examples 103
Case Study 11: Restrictions on Car-use in Singapore 103
Case Study 12: Bus Rapid Transit in Curitiba, Brazil 107
Case Study 13: Institutional Reform and Bus Rapid Transit ‘Lite’ in Lagos, Nigeria 111
Case Study 14: The Car-free Medina of Fes, Morocco 116
Case Study 15: Non-motorised Transport in Guangzhou, China 119
Case Study 16: Cycle Rickshaw Modernisation in Delhi, India 123
5. Summary and policy recommendations 12

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Investment in Air Transport Infrastructure: Guidance for developing private participation

PPIAF
The World Bank

Mustafa Zakir Hussain, Editor
With case studies prepared by Booz Allen Hamilton

This paper discusses the development of appropriate private sector participation (PSP) to optimize the provision of air transport infrastructure (ATI). It is aimed primarily at government policy makers in low- and mid It is aimed primarily at government policy makers in low- and middle-income countries and their advisors. This paper answers a number of questions, including the following: When is it appropriate to allocate the responsibilities involved in ATI provision to private firms rather than continue to allocate them to governments and their agencies? If policy makers decide to vest certain responsibilities with private firms, what considerations are important during this allocation process? How is it best to achieve the transition, and what kinds of private firms should be involved?

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Airport Economics in Latin America and the Caribbean: Benchmarking, regulation and pricing

World Bank
Directions in development - Infrastructure
Tomás Serebrisky
January 2012

Traditionally, air transport infrastructure in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) was exclusively under government ownership and management. Starting in the late 1990s, several Latin American countries implemented innovative public-private partnerships (PPP) that transferred the financing and management of air transport sector infrastructure to the private sector. This book presents the findings of a first-ever, comprehensive study of how LAC region airports have evolved during this notable period of transition in airport ownership. It is an unbiased, positive analysis of what happened, rather than a normative analysis of what should be done to reform the airport sector or to attract private participation. It takes the first step in response to the need for more conclusive information about the influence of airport ownership on economic performance. The book is centered around the study of three dimensions of performance: productive efficiency, institutional set up for the governance of the sector, and financing of airport PPPs. Using rigorous analytical tools, this book answer a series of key questions to evaluate the introduction of private sector participation in the Latin American airport sector: Are LAC airports technically efficient? How has efficiency evolved in the last decade? Are privately-run airports more efficient than state-operated airports? How do independent regulators compare with government agencies in accountability, transparency, and autonomy? How has the level and structure of aeronautical tariffs changed in recent years? The main audience of this book are air transport practitioners, transport regulators, decisionmakers in transport ministries, and PPP units and academics.

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Plan de Movilidad de Montevideo

Intendencia de Montevideo
Febrero 2010

El objetivo general del Plan de Movilidad Urbana es la reestructuración y modernización del transporte urbano de Montevideo. El 30 de diciembre de 2008 la República Oriental del Uruguay firmó un convenio (Contrato de Préstamo Nº 2040/OC-UR) con el Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo para establecer una línea de crédito destinada a financiar el Plan por U$S 100.000.000.

El Organismo Ejecutor del Plan de Movilidad Urbana es la IMM, a través de la Unidad Ejecutiva del Plan de Movilidad Urbana, que depende del Departamento de Acondicionamiento Urbano.

El programa incluye entre los componentes a desarrollar:

• Construcción y adecuación de carriles exclusivos y preferenciales, conservación y ampliación de la red vial, incluyendo obras de alumbrado público, readecuación de áreas verdes y calzadas.
• Obras en terminales de trasbordo e intercambiadores y reacondicionamiento urbano en sus zonas de influencia.
• Ampliación y sincronización de la red de semáforos.
• Señalización horizontal en pintura termoplástico.
• Señalización vertical en cartelería.
• Incorporación del sistema de información y billetaje electrónico en el transporte colectivo.
• Campañas de sensibilización y difusión.
• Consultas y encuestas a la población de Montevideo.
• Toda otra obra y acciones necesarias para llevar adelante el Plan de Movilidad Urbana.

Descargas

Libro "Plan de Movilidad, hacia un sistema de movilidad accesible, democrático y eficiente. 2010-2020"
Folleto "Plan de Movilidad, hacia un sistema de movilidad accesible, democrático y eficiente. 2010-2020"
Informe final Centro de Verificación Logística
Imágenes de Zona de actividad logística
Caracterizacion de camiones de acuerdo al MTOP
Resolución Departamental sobre limites al transporte de cargas
Resolución Departamental sobre limites al transporte de cargas
zonas_montevideo_referencias.jpg

The life and death of urban highways

Embarq and ITDP
March 2012

Cities exist for people; freeways exist for moving vehicles. Cities are centers of culture and commerce that rely on attracting private investment. Massive public spending on freeways in the last century reduced the capacity of cities to connect people and support culture and commerce. While the following report is about urban highways, more importantly, it is about cities and people. It is about community vision and the leadership required in the twenty-first century to overcome the demolition, dislocation, and disconnection of neighborhoods caused by freeways in cities.

This report chronicles the stories of five very different cities that became stronger after freeways were removed or reconsidered. They demonstrate that fixing cities harmed by freeways, and improving public transport, involves a range of context-specific and context-sensitive solutions. This perspective contrasts with the one-size-fits-all approach that was used in the 1950s and 1960s to push freeways through urban neighborhoods. The belief then was that freeways would reduce congestion and improve safety in cities. Remarkably, these two reasons are still commonly used to rationalize spending large sums of public money on expanding existing or building new freeways.

Freeways are simply the wrong design solution for cities. By definition, they rely on limited access to minimize interruptions and maximize flow. But cities are comprised of robust and connected street networks. When limited-access freeways are force-fit into urban environments, they create barriers that erode vitality—the very essence of cities. Residents, businesses, property owners, and neighborhoods along the freeway suffer but so does operation of the broader city network. During traffic peaks, freeways actually worsen congestion as drivers hurry to wait in the queues forming at limited points of access.

The fundamental purpose of a city’s transportation system is to connect people and places. But freeways that cut through urban neighborhoods prioritize moving vehicles through and away from the city. In 1922, Henry Ford said, “we shall solve the problem of the city by leaving the city.” While freeways certainly facilitated this, by no means did leaving the city solve the problem of city. In fact, the form and functional priorities of freeways in cities introduced even more problems that still exist today.

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Importancia de reducción de uso del auto

ITDP
Marzo 2012

El Instituto de Políticas para el Transporte y el Desarrollo México ha realizado un diagnóstico de las tendencias de utilización del automóvil, sus causas y efectos en México y en sus áreas metropolitanas.


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Transformando la movilidad urbana en México

ITDP
Marzo 2012

Las políticas de transporte pueden tener un impacto significativo en el desarrollo económico del país y por ende en la calidad de vida de los mexicanos. El transporte es crítico para las actividades económicas (transporte de bienes y mercancías, transporte al trabajo, transporte de turistas, compras, entre otros), por lo que sistemas de transporte eficientes impulsan el desarrollo económico y social de México. De igual modo, si son eficientes, reducen las exter- nalidades o costos negativos generados a la sociedad por el automóvil, como: pérdidas económicas por congestión, costos de salud, accidentes y daños ambientales, entre otros.

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Global BRT Data

ALC-BRT, EMBARQ, IEA, SIBRT
April 2012

There is growing interest and demand for the high-quality bus systems as cities seek low-cost, sustainable urban transportation solutions. As the number of systems in the world increases, current, accurate and complete information about existing and planned systems becomes increasingly important but difficult to collect.

The goal of BRTdata.org is to improve the sustainable transport community's access to reliable and current data about the BRT and bus corridors currently in operation. We aim to improve the quality and impact of the industry by opening up access to data about the design, performance and cost of these systems. The platform provides a convenient repository of data from a variety of sources including researchers, transit agencies, municipalities and NGOs.

Go to BRTdata

Propuestas para construir gobernanza en la Amazonia a través del transporte sostenible: Análisis de la eficacia del programa para la gestión ambiental y social de los impactos indirectos del corredor vial interoceánico sur - tramos 2,3 y4

DAR - Derecho ambiente y recursos naturales
Noviembre 2010

"Las carreteras son indiscutiblemente necesarias. Las nuevas que unen el Brasil con los países andinos atravesando los últimos refugios relativamente intocados de la Amazonía no son una excepción. Las obras viales no son, por sí mismas, destructoras del entorno natural ni de las culturas tradicionales. En realidad, se trata apenas de una faja de pocas decenas de metros de ancho aunque, eso sí, son muy largas. Esas fajas, por ser deforestadas, asfaltadas y transitadas son obviamente un obstáculo para la fauna silvestre.

También pueden no ser del agrado de indígenas no contactados u otros que preferirían no ser disturbados. Pero, es incontestable que si las leyes fueran respetadas el problema de las carreteras se limitaría a poco más que los mencionados aunque, especialmente en condiciones montañosas, esos pueden ser importantes." - Marc Dourojeanni

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Ver nota de prensa
Presentación del estudio
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Identifying and using low-cost and quickly implementable ways to address freight-system mobility constraints

TRB
2010

TRB’s National Cooperative Freight Research Program (NCFRP) Report 7: Identifying and Using Low-Cost and Quickly Implementable Ways to Address Freight-System Mobility Constraints explores standardized descriptions of the dimensions of the freight transportation system, identifies freight mobility constraints in a multimodal context, highlights criteria for low-cost and quickly implementable improvements to address the constraints, and includes a software tool to help decision makers in evaluating constraints and selecting appropriate improvements.

The software tool is available for download in a .zip format. A user guide for the software is also available for download.

Project: Project Information
E-Newsletter Type: Recently Released TRB Publications
TRB Publication Type: NCFRP Report

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Compendium of best practices on motorcycle and scooter safety

APEC
2011



For information about vehicle numbers, population, helmet wearing rates and road user deaths for each APEC member economy, visit the Economies page. Click on each Economy name for details specific to that economy.

To read about important issues and contributing factors to serious crashes, injuries and deaths of motorcycle and scooter users, as identified by APEC economies, visit the Issues page.

To learn about countermeasures to improve motorcycle safety, as well as strategy development and how to evaluate programs, visit the Safety Interventions page.

To see examples of treatments and programs implemented by APEC member economies, visit the Case Studies page.

Useful links and selected references are located on the Links page.

More information about this Compendium, a glossary of terms and acronyms used, and links to download the Report to APEC and Literature Review on which this Compendium is based, can be found on the About page.

Check: Chile, Mexico and Peru

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Estudio de factibilidad para metro de Lima, Perú

Marzo 2012

Con motivo de la necesidad de un sistema de transporte urbano masivo integrado para cubrir la demanda del Área Metropolitana de Lima Callao, de casi 9 millones de habitantes hoy y 12 millones previstos para 2030, el Gobierno francés aportó su apoyo a la Municipalidad Metropolitana de Lima con un estudio de factibilidad de una línea de metro expreso subterráneo financiado por una donación de cerca de 1 millón de dólares (670 774 euros). Este estudio ha sido realizado por las empresas de ingeniería SYSTRA e INGEROP, ambas reconocidas a nivel mundial. Se basa en un análisis de las necesidades de movilidad de Lima a largo plazo y propone una línea de metro expreso en el eje Norte Sur, el eje más cargado en cuanto a pasajeros en toda la aglomeración. El estudio fue presentado en el marco del Seminario "Una gran línea de Metro Expreso Subterráneo Norte-Sur. Futuro del transporte urbano masivo de Lima", el 21 de marzo de 2012 organizado por la embajada de Francia en el Perú.

En las noticias

Press release embajada de Francia

Press release Municipalidad de Lima

Brochure del estudio

Resumen ejecutivo del estudio de factibilidad (46 MB)

Video animación (7 minutos)

Mapa del proyecto

Auditing public transport accessibility in New Zealand

C. O'Fallon
Pinnacle Research & Policy Ltd, Wellington
NZ Transport Agency research report 417
October 2010

The purpose of this research project was to review international best practice for auditing public transport (PT) accessibility and to develop and pilot a New Zealand-specific PT accessibility audit methodology.

The accessibility audit takes a whole-of-journey approach to accessibility, thus incorporating the following elements:

• accessing information about the services
• getting to the service
• paying for the service (access to information about the cost of the service and the physical ability to project)
• getting on board
• 'enjoying the ride'
• getting to the final destination (including ensuring that services in the network take people where they want to go, when they want to be there)
• making the return trip.

Auditing the accessible journey means that all the steps needed for a person to get from their home to their destination and then home again are regarded as linked and of equal importance. If one link is broken or inadequate, the whole journey becomes impractical or impossible.

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The Future of Urban Mobility: Towards networked, multimodal cities of 2050

Arthur D. Little
October 2011

Management consultancy Arthur D. Little’s new global study of urban mobility assesses the mobility maturity and performance of 66 cities worldwide and finds most not just falling well short of best practice but in a state of crisis. Indeed it is not putting it too strongly to say that many cities’ mobility systems are standing on a burning platform and if action is not taken in the very near future they will play a major role in slowing the growth and development of their host nations.

What is needed is innovative change. This report highlights what is holding them back, showcases best practice and identifies three strategic imperatives for cities and three clusters of future business models for mobility suppliers that will enable cities to meet the urban mobility challenge.

Methodology
Arthur D. Little assessed the mobility maturity and performance of 66 cities worldwide using 11 criteria ranging from public transport’s share of the modal mix and the number of cars per capita to average travel speed and transport-related CO2 emissions. The mobility score per city ranges from 0 to 100 index points; the maximum of 100 points is defined by the best performance of any city in the sample for each criteria. In addition the study reviewed and analysed 39 key urban mobility technologies and 36 potential urban mobility business models.

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